Post by Admin on Oct 14, 2019 22:21:10 GMT
*[t]
*[d] or
*[Id].
For example, if I say the past tense verb “walked“, as in, “I walked away,” what is the last sound that you hear in the verb?
*“Walked” [wakt]
1) The -ed verb ending sounds like a [t], “Walked” [wakt], even though it ends in the letter “d”.
What do you hear when I say:
*“smelled“, as in, “it smelled bad.”
2) The -ed verb ending sounds like a [d]: “smelled” [smeld]
And when I say, “visited”, as in “I visited New York City”, how did I pronounce that “-ed” ending?
*[Id] [vizitid].
3) The -ed verb ending sounds like [ɪd], [vizitid].
*******
This lesson teaches you the three rules that explain the differences in past tense verb “-ed” pronunciation. But don’t be surprised if most Americans can’t explain these rules to you! The truth is, Americans make these changes in sound without even noticing.
[t] final sound
Verbs ending in voiceless sounds [p, k, θ, f, s, ʃ, tʃ] cause the “-ed” ending to be pronounced as the voiceless [t] (with no vocal chord vibration).
Listen and Repeat
*
“He popped a balloon.” [papt]
*[k] “They talked a lot” [takt]
*[θ] “th”: “She frothed a cup of milk” [frawθt]
*[f] “I laughed at the movie.” [læft]
*(s) “She kissed a frog.” [kIst]
*[ʃ] “sh”: “We brushed it off.” [bruʃt]
*[tʃ] “ch”: “I reached around for it.” [riytʃt]
[d] final sound
Verbs ending in the voiced sounds [b, g, ð, v, z, ʒ, dʒ, m, n, ŋ, r, l] cause the “-ed” ending to be pronounced as a voiced [d].
Listen and Repeat
*(b) “It bobbed up and down.” (babd)
*[g] “He begged her to stay.” [bɛgd]
*[ð] “She breathed loudly.” [briyðd]
*[v] “They loved it.” [luvd]
*[z] “We raised her expectations.” [reyzd]
*[dʒ] “They bridged the gap.” [brIdʒd]
*[m] “I claimed it was mine.” [kleymd]
*[n] “They banned new members.” [bænd]
*[ŋ] “She banged into the chair.” [bæŋd]
*[r] “He cleared it up.” [kliyrd]
*[l] “I rolled up the paper.” [rowld]
[əd] or [ɪd] final sound
Verbs ending in the sounds [t] or [d] will cause the “-ed” ending of a verb to be pronounced as the syllable [əd] or [ɪd].
Listen and Repeat
*[t] “I visited the Empire State Building.” [vɪzɪtəd]
*[t] “She edited the research paper.” [ɛdɪtɪd]
*[d] “We ended the game early.” [ɛndɪd]
*[d] “He breaded the chicken.” [brɛdɪd]
Try this exercise: www.5minuteenglish.com/apr18.htm